Arm Flexion and Extension

Flexion of the arm is also called flexion of/at the shoulder. It is typically thought of as an anterior excursion of the arm, but remember that any motion away from full extension is flexion.

Muscles: pectoralis major, coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, anterior fibers of deltoid.

Extension of the arm is also called extension of/at the shoulder. It is typically thought of as movement of the arm posteriorly, but remember that any motion away from full flexion is extension.

Muscles: latissimus dorsi and teres major, long head of triceps, posterior fibers of the deltoid.